Palm Tocotrienols in Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline develop through the interaction of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and nerve damage. This study assesses the potential of palm-derived tocotrienol as a neuroprotective compound through a systematic review of 30 articles published from 2018–2026 from Scopus and PubMed. The results indicate that palm tocotrienol can suppress free radicals and neural inflammation, reduce amyloid-beta toxicity, maintain mitochondrial function, and improve cognitive performance. These findings support the development of palm tocotrienol as a multifunctional intervention candidate, but its application still requires large-scale clinical trials, dosage standardization, and long-term safety and efficacy evaluation.