POME-Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) as a Game Changer in Sustainable Renewable Energy

This journal examines the potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as a feedstock for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) amidst the challenges of decarbonizing the aviation sector and the scarcity of global feedstock. Through a qualitative literature review of publications from 2020–2025, this study analyzes technological, environmental, economic, and policy aspects. The results indicate that POME-based SAF can reduce emissions by 65–80% compared to fossil jet fuel, with significant benefits from methane emission avoidance. Although technically feasible, its commercial sustainability depends on policy incentives, certification integrity, and inclusive supply chain governance.