Tariff Gains, Regulatory Costs: A Review of the Indonesia–United States Agreement on Reciprocal Trade and Its Implications for the Palm Oil Sector

This article is motivated by the increasing global pressure on biodiversity loss due to the expansion of oil palm plantations, as well as the need to integrate conservation into production landscapes. This research aims to synthesize scientific evidence regarding the contribution of High Conservation Value (HCV) management to biodiversity conservation, habitat restoration, and the creation of conservation-based jobs. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review of 34 scientific articles from the period 2019–2026 through the PRISMA approach. The results show that HCV serves as biodiversity refugia, gradually enhances ecosystem recovery, and encourages the emergence of green jobs such as monitoring, restoration, and environmental management. The implication is that HCV becomes a governance instrument that integrates ecological and socio-economic objectives, while also supporting more sustainable and inclusive plantation practices.