A Review of Decarbonization Strategies in Oil Palm Plantations Toward Net-Zero Emissions

This article examines decarbonization strategies in oil palm plantations in the context of increasing global demands to achieve net-zero emissions targets. The research aims to identify and evaluate the most effective emission mitigation strategies in the palm oil production chain. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA protocol on 39 relevant scientific articles. The study results indicate five main decarbonization pathways: methane mitigation from palm oil mill effluent (POME), energy efficiency improvement and fuel substitution, carbon sequestration through landscape management, strengthening digital-based emission monitoring systems (MRV), and support for sustainability policy and governance. Methane mitigation and energy transformation are strategies with the greatest emission reduction potential. This study asserts that achieving net-zero in the palm oil sector requires an integrated approach that combines technological innovation, ecological restoration, and a strong policy framework to ensure the transition towards sustainable low-carbon palm oil production.