Barriers and Opportunities of Blockchain Implementation for the Circular Economy in Palm Oil: A Review

This research is motivated by the increasing attention to the circular economy and the role of digital technology, particularly blockchain, in enhancing the sustainability of the complex palm oil supply chain. The study aims to systematically identify the opportunities and barriers to the application of blockchain in supporting circular economy practices. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review of 29 recent scientific articles with thematic analysis. The results indicate that blockchain has the potential to improve transparency, traceability, and resource efficiency, but its implementation is hindered by infrastructure readiness, high costs, regulatory uncertainty, and stakeholder capacity. The implication is that the application of blockchain requires governance support, digital investment, and multi-actor collaboration to effectively contribute to the sustainability of the palm oil sector.