Climate Adaptation Strategies in Oil Palm Cultivation: A Review of Climate Mitigation Techniques

This article discusses the risks of climate change on oil palm cultivation, particularly due to rising temperatures, unpredictable rainfall patterns, and extreme weather that can disrupt productivity and long-term sustainability. The study aims to examine adaptation strategies that also contribute to climate mitigation. Using the PRISMA-based Systematic Literature Review method, the research filtered 1,917 articles from ScienceDirect, resulting in 49 articles from the 2023–2025 period for analysis. The findings categorize key strategies into agroforestry, soil-water management, genetic innovation, digital agriculture, and policy frameworks. Many strategies offer dual benefits, namely enhancing plantation resilience while reducing emissions. However, costs, technical capacity, and adoption gaps among smallholders remain challenges. The implication is that palm oil governance needs to integrate adaptation and mitigation more contextually.